Exhaust-steam injector



Aug. 17,1926;

' L. FRIEDMANN EXHAUST STEAM INJECTOR Filed Sept. 15

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,ZTowiS M Jazzy.

Patented Aug. 17, 1926.

UNITEDSTATES PATENT GFFECE.

LOUIS FRIEDMANN, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA.

EXHAUST-STEAM INJECTOR.

Application filed September 15, 1925, Serial No. 56,432, and in Austria April 18, 1924.

It is well known that injectors working with exhaust steam act most efficiently when the quantity of water flowing to the injector nozzles is as small as possible, since, as the cross section of the exhaust steam nozzle does not vary, there is always the same quantity of exhaust steam flowing, assuming its pressure to be constant, and, therefore, the more heat is absorbed from the exhaust steam in a given volume of water, the smaller is the quantity of water de livered.

.Ti the pressure 01: the exhaust steam rises, without the cross section of the water flowing to the injector being increased, the injector fails, because the exhaust steam is no longer fully condensed in the water supplied and, in the formerly known devices, as the pressure of the exhaust'steam increased, the rate of fiow of the water must also be increased by hand regulation. Since the exhaust steam pressure during the working of the steam engine, particularly with locomo- .tives, often changes and usually fluctuates between 0.1 atm. and 0.5 atm., and with temporary greater demands on the engine, for example when traversing ascents, may be as high as 1 atm., inthe formerly known devices the water flow to the exhaust steam in 'jector had to be frequently regulated by hand. This drawback is obviated by the invention.

It consists essentially in arrangements by which a member controlling the water flow to the injector nozzles is displaced or otherwise actuated under the pressure of the exhaust steam, so that, as this pressure rises, the cross section of the passage forthe flow of water to the injector nozzles is increased, while if the pressure'of the exhaust steam falls, the controlling member is moved towards its original position by a spring or weight.

The accompanying drawing shows two examples of constructions according to the invention.

In Fig. 1, 1 denotes the live steam nozzle, 2 the exhaust steam nozzle, 3 the combining cone,4 the delivery nozzle of the injector, 5 the inlet for the exhaust steam, 6'tl1e inlet for the auxiliary live steam, 7 the water ini let. The space 5 is connected with a cylinder 8 in which there is a piston 9, the movement of which is transmitted to the exhaust steam nozzle 2, by the displacement of the water flowing to the combining cone 3 is varied. A spring 10 moves the piston 9 into its rearmost position, if the pressure does not exceed atmospheric, the exhaust steam nozzle being then adjusted to supply the minimum quantity of water. If the exhaust steam pressure rises and the pressure in the space 5 exceeds atmospheric pressure the piston 9 is moved forwards by this pressure and transmits its movement to the nozzle 2, and the water inlet is correspondingly increased. The piston 9 might be replaced by a membrane exposed to the pressure of the exhaust steam.

Fig. 2 shows a modification in which the increase in the quantity of water flowing to the combining cone is effected by opening a second passage 12 for the water.

In this figure, 7 denotes a passage for the water which can be throttled or closed by a cock or valve 11, 12 is a second water passage which can be closed by a closing member 13. This member is lifted from its seat by a membrane 1 1 exposed to the pressure of the exhaust steam, or a piston can be employed, the" movement of which is transmitted to the member 13.

In each form of the device as above described, it will be noted that the chamber containing the steam pressure operated means which is connected with the exhaust steam chamber 5 is contiguous to the latter chamber and formed in the body of the injector so that the pressure of the exhaust steam acting against the mechanical actuating means for the water regulating valve is practically identical with the pressure exist-- ing in the chamber 5 and the exhaust steam *nozzle 2 and that there will be little or no diminution of the live steam pressure by reason of its impingement against the wall of the exhaust steam nozzle prior todelivery into the combining nozzle is obviated.

lVhat I claim is:

1. In an injector utilizing steam, a steam inlet, a water inlet, cones forming a water passage connectedto the water inlet, and fluid pressure controlled mechanism for 1303] tively varying the cross-section of the Water passage in response to variation oi steam Pl'SSl,U"Q.

2. in an injector utilizing steam, a steam.

nozzle in conmninication with sai chamber,

a water inlet surrounding said exhaust steam nozzle, a combining cells, a delivery nozzle, a second chan er, in communication:with the first-men net chamber, a piston disglaceable in sa 5 .bcr in dependence on the pre sure of said haust steam,

and means by which the movement of said piston efiects a corresponding axial move ment of said exhaust nozzle and thereby controls the cross section of said-Water inlet.

i. in exhaust steam injector comprising in combination a chamber into Whichthc exhaust steam is admitted,- an exhaust steam nozzle iii-communication witl'isaid chamber,

a water inlet surroundingsaid exhaust steam nozzle, a combin ng cone, a delivery nozzle, a

tted, an exhaust, steamsecond chamber, in communication With the first-mentioned chamber, apiston displaceable in said second chamber .in: dependence on, the,,pressure of said exhaust steam, a springv acting. on said piston in opposition to said steam pressure and means by which themovement of said piston efiects a corresponding axial movement of said exhaust steam nozzle, and therebycontrolsthe cross section 01. said Water inlet.

5.- iin-exhaust steaminjector comprising in combination a chamberinto,Which the en iraust steam is admitted, an exhauststeain nozzle. inconnn mication with said chamber, a W ater in let surrounding .said eXhaust-steail nozzle, acombining cone, acdelivery nozzle, asecond chamber, incommunication with the ,ilrstrmentioned, chamber, a piston dis-H placeahle in said second chamber in dependence, on theupressure of said jexhauststeam, a. spring acting on said piston in opposition to said steam pressure, teeth on said exhaust steam nozzle, 21 pinion, 1 en gaging with said teeth, a piston-modsecuredato-said piston and. a bar, connected-at oneendto sald pllllOn,

31138, at the other en d-;loo sely connected to .pistonrod;

In -testimony Whereot-Ii have signed. my,

LOUIS FRIEDl EANN. 

